Updates in Canine Dry Eye Management

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), or “dry eye”, is a common disease of dogs that, since the introduction of cyclosporine, is usually relatively easily managed. Here, we briefly discuss routine management of KCS but then emphasize those patients where cyclosporine (alone) seems relatively ineffective. How are they best diagnosed? What are the potential causes of such cases? Are all cases of dry eye due to aqueous deficiency only? And what is the latest in therapy?

• To appreciate tear film disorders as more than just aqueous deficient dry eye disease
• To appreciate the 5 main treatment goals in dry eye management
• To adopt a logical approach to the etiologic diagnosis of dry eye disease
• To learn treatment protocols for dry eye disease nonresponsive to cyclosporine